Contents

• Preface
• The Java Virtual Machine
  • Introduction
  • Internals of the JVM
    • Types
      • Primitive Types
      • Reference Types
    • Runtime Data Areas
    • Frames
  • The Java Class File Format
    • The Class File Structure
    • Fields in a Class File
  • The JVM Instruction Set
    • Typed Instructions
    • The Instruction Set
      • Load Instructions
      • Store Instructions
      • Arithmetic Instructions
      • Conversion Instructions
      • Class Instances and Array Instructions
      • Stack Manipulation Instructions
      • Branch and Comparison Instructions
      • Method Instructions
      • Miscellaneous Instructions
  • Descriptors
    • Field Descriptors
    • Method Descriptors
• Compiling Pascal
  • The Project
    • Translating EM to Java Bytecode
    • C as Source Language
    • Pascal as Source Language
    • Problems and Solutions
  • Starting Out
    • How to Store a Class File
    • Datastructures to Hold the Class File
  • The Empty Program
    • Initial constant_pool[] Entries
    • <init>
    • main
    • Fit it in the Compiler
  • Declarations
    • Variable and Constant Declarations
      • Variables and Constants as ``Normal'' Java Fields
      • Variables and Constants as Objects or Arrays
      • The Problem with Local Variables
    • Procedure and Function Declarations
      • How to Compile a Procedure or Function
      • Parameters
  • Statements
    • Maintaining the Size of the Operand Stack
    • Expressions
      • Constant Values
      • Variable Values
      • Unary Operators
      • Binary Operators
        • Arithmetic operators
        • Comparison Operators
        • Boolean Operators
    • Assignments
    • Procedure and Function Calls
    • write and writeln Statements
    • Control Statements
      • If Then Else
      • Other Conditional Statements
        • While
        • Repeat
        • For
        • Case
    • Function Returns
  • Things Left To Do
    • Records
    • Pointers
    • goto Statements
  • Final Remarks
    • Conclusion
    • Personal Experience
    • Acknowledgments
  • An Example Program
    • Pascal Source Code
    • Java Class File
      • jdisco Output
      • D-Java Output
• References
• About this document ...